Coronary Artery Disease (Ischemic Heart Disease)
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common heart diseases. It occurs when the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle (coronary arteries) struggle to deliver enough blood, oxygen, and nutrients. Cholesterol buildup (plaque) in the coronary arteries and inflammation are usually the main causes of this disease.
The signs and symptoms of *coronary artery disease* appear when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen. If you have CAD, reduced blood flow to the heart can cause chest pain (angina) and shortness of breath. It may also result in a complete blockage of blood flow, leading to a heart attack.
Coronary artery disease cannot be completely cured, but treatments can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of serious complications such as heart attacks. Management and treatment options may include:
– Lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise and quitting smoking
– Medication
– Angioplasty (using a balloon and stent to treat narrowed heart arteries)
– Surgery
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